Dilutive Securities and Earnings per Share
  Strauch Co. has one class of common stock outstanding and no other securities that are potentially convertible into common stock. During 20x1, 100,000 shares of common stock were outstanding. In 20x2, two distributions of additional common shares occurred: On April 1, 20,000 shares of treasury stock were sold, and on July 1, a 2-for-1 stock split was issued. Net income was $410,000 in 20x2 and $350,000 in 20x1. What amounts should Strauch report as basic earnings per share in its 20x2 and 20x1 comparative income statements?
  20X2          20X1
  A $1.78         $3.50
  B $1.78        $1.75
  C $2.34         $1.75
  D $2.34         $3.50
  回答:這題某輔導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)的教材上給的計算步驟很差,給同學(xué)造成了很大的誤解,我給它拆開用兩種思路來做。
  首先分析題目,要我們做什么的?求BEPS的。腦子里瞬間就要浮現(xiàn)出公式
  Income available to common
  shareholders
  BEPS=  ---------------------------------------------------
  Weighted-average number of common
  shares outstanding
  分子:Income available to common shareholders=Net income -preferred dividends
  分母: Shares outstanding at the beginning of the period
  +Shares sold during the period(on a time-weighted basis)
  -Shares reacquired during the period(on a time-weighted basis)
  +Stock dividends and stock splits(retroactively adjusted)
  -Reverse stock splits(retroactively adjusted)
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the
  entire period
  注意這里標(biāo)記橙色的部分,即使是在年中時施行了Stock dividends或者stock splits,也當(dāng)做在1月1號這天施行的來處理。
  還有注意Treasury stock并不是流通股,所以要把它減去,并且要考慮到其流通期間。
  明確了上述公式以后,來分析題目,此題沒有涉及到Preferred stock,所以分子部分不用考慮,問題就是出在分母部分   20X2年   4月1號,20000shares of TS were sold   7月1號 a 2-for-1 stock split was issued
  這里注意,2-for-1 stock split雖然是發(fā)生在7月1號,但是必須當(dāng)做在1月1日時發(fā)生過了來處理,所以,4月1號的20000shares of TS were sold這個事件也要受到 2-for-1 stock split的影響,切記! 下面我就用兩種思路的解法來解答此題。
  方法一 (思路--將所發(fā)生的Transaction全部當(dāng)成單獨(dú)的個體從產(chǎn)生的那一天到年末為止,分別計算。最后再匯總,注意,雖然20000shares of TS是4月1號出售的,2-for-1 stock split是發(fā)生在7月1號,但是前者仍然要受到后者的影響,因?yàn)榧词故窃谀曛袝r施行了Stock dividends或者stock splits,也當(dāng)做在1月1號這天施行的來處理。)
  Dates Number of shares  Fraction  WA
  1/1   100000×2          12/12   200000
  4/1   20000×2      9/12   30000
  ∴WA=200000+30000=230000
  20×2年 $410000÷230000=$1.78
  20×1年 $350000÷200000=$1.75
  ∴答案是B
  方法二(思路--加權(quán)平均計算法)
  Dates   Number of shares Fraction   WA
  1/1-3/31  100000×2    3/12  50000
  4/1-12/31 (100000+2)×2  9/12  180000
  ∴WA=200000+30000=230000
  20×2年 $410000÷230000=$1.78
  20×1年 $350000÷200000=$1.75
  ∴答案是B
  考試的時候,碰到這類題,推薦使用方法一,計算方法簡單,思緒也不容易亂。加權(quán)平均計算法的話,如果發(fā)生的事項(xiàng)比較多,還是比較容易出現(xiàn)遺漏和計算Miss的。