CFA是全球投資業(yè)里最為嚴(yán)格的資格認(rèn)證，被稱為金融*9考的考試，是含金量*6的證書。要想順利通過CFA考試，需要付出一定的時(shí)間和精力。小編咨詢了高頓財(cái)經(jīng)CFA研究院的相關(guān)老師，總結(jié)了2015-2016 CFA一級(jí)考綱變化，希望對(duì)備考的同學(xué)有所幫助。
　　1、關(guān)于財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析，inventory以及l(fā)ong linved assets有部分內(nèi)容從二級(jí)變化到了一級(jí)；
　　2、組合管理新增加了一個(gè)reading的內(nèi)容。
　　Financial Statement Analysis
　　R23 Financial Reporting Mechanics：
　　增加內(nèi)容：describe how business activities are classified for financial reporting purpose。
　　備注：對(duì)實(shí)際復(fù)習(xí)沒有太大影響，原先課程里級(jí)已經(jīng)有所涉及。在新的考綱里面只是將其作為一個(gè)新的考點(diǎn)。
　　R25 Understanding Income Statement：
　　增加內(nèi)容：describe key aspects of the converged accounting standards issued by the International Accouting Standards Board and Financial Accounting Standards Boards in May 2014。
　　修改內(nèi)容：describe the financial epoeting treatment and analysisi of nonrecurring items (including discontinued operatingon extrordinary items, unusual or infrequent items) and changes in accounting policies.
　　備注內(nèi)容：新增內(nèi)容在原版書上也增加了內(nèi)容，可能會(huì)成為2016年考試的一道概念小題，但是作為修改的內(nèi)容和原先2015年該考綱考點(diǎn)的核心內(nèi)容沒有太大變化。
　　R29 Inventory：
　　增加內(nèi)容：
　　1、Calculate and explain how inflation and deflation of inventory costs affect the financial statements and ratios of companies that use different inventory valuation methods.
　　2、Explain LIFO reserve and LIFO liquidation and their effects on financial statements and ratios；
　　3、Convert a company's reported financial statements from LIFO to FIFI for purpose of comparison.
　　4、Describe impliations of valuing inventory at net realizable value for financial statemnts and ratios.
　　5、Explain issues that analysts should consider when examning a company's inventory disclosures and other sources of information.
　　6、Calculate and compare ratios of companies icnluding companies that use different inventory methods.
　　備注：有部分內(nèi)容從二級(jí)搬到了一級(jí)，原本一級(jí)對(duì)存貨的考試重點(diǎn)是計(jì)算以及兩種方法對(duì)ratio的影響，現(xiàn)在相對(duì)增加了兩種方法之間存貨計(jì)算的轉(zhuǎn)換，對(duì)報(bào)表的轉(zhuǎn)換量化、影響以及對(duì)ratio的影響。
　　R30 Long lived Assets：
　　增加內(nèi)容：
　　1、Explain and *uate how capitalizing versus expensing costs in the period in which they are incurred affects financial statements and ratios.
　　2、Explain and *uate how impairment r*uation and derecognition of property plant and equipments and intangible assets affect financial statements and ratios.
　　3、Analyze and interpret financial statement disclosures reagarding property plant and equipment and intangible assets.
　　4、Explain and *uate how leasing rather than purchasing assets affects financial statements and ratios.
　　5、Explain and *uate how finance leases and operating leases affect financial statements and ratios from the perspective of both the lessor and lessee.
　　備注：對(duì)整個(gè)reading的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了深化解釋，把二級(jí)的部分內(nèi)容放到了一級(jí)里面。增加了更多的需要分析和解釋的內(nèi)容。整體內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)變化不大，只是更加深入細(xì)化，對(duì)分析和解釋的要求增加。
　　R31 Income Taxes：
　　修改內(nèi)容：Explain recognition and measurement of current and deferred tax items.
　　備注:原有考點(diǎn)細(xì)化后和原來內(nèi)容沒有變化，在復(fù)習(xí)上無需增加內(nèi)容.
　　Portfolio Management
　　R42 Risk Management an Introduction：
　　增加內(nèi)容：The whole reading.
　　備注：本章節(jié)屬于完全新增內(nèi)容，主要偏向于祝賀管理中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理。
　　Equitiy Analysis
　　R48 Security Market Indices：
　　修改內(nèi)容：
　　1、Describe market anomalies
　　2、Describe behavioral finance and its potential relevance to understanding market anomalies.
　　備注：關(guān)于behavioral finance這個(gè)考點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容基本做了比較大的修改，也在原版書里面增加了相應(yīng)內(nèi)容，其他沒有改變。
　　R50 Introduction to Industry and Company Analysis：
　　修改內(nèi)容：
　　1、Explain how a company's Industry classification canbe used to identify a potential "peer group" for equity valuation.（只是描述有點(diǎn)變化）
　　2、Explain the effects of barriers to entry industry concentration industry capacity and market share stability on pricing power and price comtetition.（文字描述有點(diǎn)改變）
　　3、Describe industry life cycle model classify and industry as to life cycle stage and describe limitations of the life cycle concept in forecasting industry performance.（刪除了一個(gè)describe product life cycle的小考點(diǎn)）
　　4、es on industry growth profitability and risk.（只有考點(diǎn)描述的變化）
　　Fixed Income Analysis
　　R53 Fixed Income Market: Issuance Trading and Funding：
　　修改內(nèi)容：
　　1、Describe secrtrities issued by sovereign government
　　2、Describe securities issued by non sovereign governement, quasi-government entities and supranational agencies.（1與2原本的一個(gè)考點(diǎn)拆分成兩個(gè)考點(diǎn)）
　　3、Describe repurchase agreements (repos) and the risks associated with them.（文字上有所改動(dòng)，但是在內(nèi)容上增加了structured financial instruments）
　　R55 Asset Backed Securities：
　　增加內(nèi)容：
　　1、Describe typical structures of securitizations including credit tranching and time tranching.
　　2、Describe types and characteristics of residential mortgage-backed securities including mortgage pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations and explain the cash flows and risks for each type.
　　3、Define prepayment risk and describe the prepayment risk of mortgage securities.
　　修改內(nèi)容：
　　1、Describe securitization icnluding the parties involved in the process and the roles they play.
　　2、Describe types and characteristics of non-mortgage asset securities including the cash flows and risks of each types.
　　3、Describe collateralized debt obligations including their cash flows and risks.
　　刪除內(nèi)容：
　　Explain the motivation for creating securitized structures with multiple tranches (e.g: collateralized mortgage obligations)and the characterstics and risks of securitized structures.
　　備注：這個(gè)reading的變化相對(duì)來說變化比較大也比較雜亂，同時(shí)在原版書也已經(jīng)做出了相應(yīng)的調(diào)整，增加了一些例題，希望大家引起注意。
　　R56 Fixed Income Risk and Return：
　　修改內(nèi)容：Explain how a bond's maturity, coupon and yield level affect its interest rate risk
　　備注：考綱里去除了embedded option對(duì)于duration的影響，但是在原版書里面還留有相應(yīng)內(nèi)容。
　　R57 Fundamentals of Credit Analysis：
　　增加內(nèi)容：
　　Describe default probability and loss severity as components of credit risk.
　　修改內(nèi)容：
　　1、Explain the four Cs (Capacity, Collateral, Covenants and Character) of traditional credit analysis.
　　2、Explain special considerations when *uating the credit of high yield sovereign and non-sovereign government debt issuers and issues.
　　刪除內(nèi)容：Calculate the return impact of spread changes.
　　備注：
　　1、刪除的內(nèi)容僅限考綱，原版書的內(nèi)容沒有刪除，在原本也不算重點(diǎn)。
　　2、其他新增和修改對(duì)整體來說實(shí)質(zhì)沒有太大改變。
　　Fixed Income Analysis
　　R61 Introduction to Alternattive Investment：
　　增加內(nèi)容：
　　1、Describe hedge funds private equity real estate commodities infrastructure and other alternative investments including as applicable strategies sub-catefories potential benefits and risks fee structures and due diligence.
　　2、Describe issues in valuing and calculating returns on hedge funds private equity real estate commodities and infrastructure.
　　備注：在考綱里就增加了infrastructure這一種產(chǎn)品，需要大家了解。新增內(nèi)容還是比較容易考到的。