Content Specification Outlines Certified Management Accountant(CMA?)Examinations
美國注冊管理會計師(CMA?)考試內容大綱2024年9月1日生效
The content specification outlines presented below represent the body of knowledge that will be covered on the CMA examinations.The outlines maybe changed in the future when new subject matter becomes part of the common body of knowledge.
以下內容大綱代表了
CMA考試將涵蓋的知識體系。當新的內容成為行業(yè)共識時,大綱將會隨之更新。
Candidates for the CMA designation are required to take and pass Parts 1 and 2.
CMA認證的考生必須參加并通過第一部分和第二部分的考試。
Candidates are responsible for being informed on the mostrecent developments in the areas covered in the outlines.This includes understanding of public pronouncements issued by accounting organizations as well as being up-to-date on recent developments reported in current accounting,financial and business periodicals.
考生有責任了解大綱所涵蓋領域的最新進展。這包括理解會計組織發(fā)布的公開聲明,以及了解當前會計,財務和商業(yè)期刊中有關報告的最新進展。
The content specification outlines serve several purposes.The outlines are intended to:
考試內容大綱有多項用途。本大綱旨在:
?Establish the foundation from which each examination will be developed.
奠定考試的基礎。
?Provide abasis for consistent coverage on each examination.
為每次考試范圍的一致性提供基礎。
?Communicate to interested parties more detail as to the content of each examination part.
詳述考試各部分的內容。
?Assist candidates in their preparation for each examination.
協(xié)助考生準備各部分考試。
?Provide information to those who offer courses designed to aid candidates in
preparing for the examinations.為考試培訓機構提供參考信息。
Important additional information about the content specification outlines and the examinations is listed below.
下面列出了有關內容大綱和考試的其他重要信息。
1.The coverage percentage given for each major topic within each examination part represents the relative weight given to that topic in an examination part.The number of questions presented in each major topic area approximates this percentage.
大綱中每個主題所占的百分比代表該主題在考試中的相對權重。每個主題的考題數(shù)量占總題量的比例與此權重相近。
2.Each examination will sample from the subject areas contained within each major topic area to meet the relative weight specifications.No relative weights have been assigned to the subject areas within each major topic.No inference should be made from the order in which the subject areas are listed or from the number of subject areas as to the relative weight or importance of any of the subjects.
考題的分布取決于所考察主題的相對權重。每個主題下的考點沒有再次分配相對權重,不應根據(jù)考點的排列順序或考點數(shù)量來推斷其相對權重或重要
性。
3.Each major topic within each examination part has been assigned a coverage level designating the depth and breadth of topic coverage,ranging from an introductory knowledge of a subject area(Level A)to a thorough understanding of and ability to apply the essentials of a subject area(Level C).Detailed explanations of the
coverage levels and the skills expected of candidates arepresented below.
每個主題都有特定的難度水平,表示該主題所出題目的深度和廣度,可以考察從初級了解(A級難度)到透徹理解和應用的能力(C級難度)。關于考題的難度水平和對考生能力的具體要求,之后有詳細的說明。
4.The topics for Parts 1 and 2 have been selected to minimize the overlapping of subject areas among the examination parts.The topics within an examination part and the subject areas within topics maybe combined in individual questions.
考點經過精心選擇以盡量減少第一部分考試和第二部分考試內容的重疊??碱}可涵蓋本部分內的主題和主題內的相關考點。
5.With regard to U.S.Federal income taxation issues,candidates will be expected to understand the impact of income taxes when reporting and analyzing financial
results.In addition,the tax code provisions that impact decisions(e.g.,
depreciation,interest,etc.)will be tested.
關于美國聯(lián)邦所得稅的問題,考生在報告和分析財務結果時應理解所得稅的影響。此外,還將測試影響決策(例如折舊,利息等)的有關稅法規(guī)定。
6.Candidates for the CMA designation are assumed to have knowledge of the
following:preparation of financial statements,business economics,time value of money concepts,statistics,and probability.
CMA認證的考生也應了解財務報表編制,商業(yè)經濟學,貨幣的時間價值,統(tǒng)計和概率的有關知識。
7.Parts 1 and 2 are four-hour exams and each contains 100 multiple-choice
questions and 2 essay questions.Candidates will have three hours to complete the multiple-choice questions and one hour to complete the essay section.A small
number of the multiple-choice questions on each exam are being validated for future use and will not count in the final score.
第一和第二部分考試分別為四小時,每個部分的考試包含一百個單項選擇題和兩個情境題??忌鷮⒂腥齻€小時完成單項選擇題,一個小時完成情境題,每項考試中含有少數(shù)供將來使用的測試題,這些題將不會計入最終得分。
8.For the essay questions,both written and quantitative responses will be required.Candidates will be expected to present written answers that are responsive to the question asked,presented in a logical manner,and demonstrate an appropriate
understanding of the subject matter.
情境題需要語言論述和計算解答。要求考生以合乎邏輯的方式回答問題,并證明對該問題的正確理解。
In order to more clearly define the topical knowledge required by a candidate,varying levels of coverage for the treatment of major topics of the content specification outlines have been identified and defined.The cognitive skills that a successful candidate should possess and that should be tested on the examinations can be defined as follows:
為了更清楚地定義考生所需的考點知識,CMA考試對內容大綱中主要考點確定了不同層次的能力要求。成功的考生應具備的并將在考試中被測試的認知能力如下所示:
The three levels of coverage can be defined as follows:
考題難度分為三個級別,分別定義如下:
Level A:Requiring the skill levels of knowledge and comprehension.
A級:要求了解和理解的能力。
Level B:Requiring the skill levels of knowledge,comprehension,application,and analysis.
B級:要求了解,理解,應用和分析的能力。
Level C:Requiring all six skill levels,knowledge,comprehension,application,analysis,synthesis,and *uation.
C級:要求所有六種能力,了解,理解,應用,分析,綜合和評價的能力。
The levels of coverage as they apply to each of the major topics of the Content Specification Outlines are shown on the following pages with each topic listing.The levels represent the manner in which topic areas are to be treated and represent ceilings,i.e.,a topic area designated as Level C may contain requirements at the“A,”“B,”or“C”level,but a topic designated as Level B will not contain requirements at the“C”level.
下頁中列舉了大綱中的各主題的難度級別。所示級別為該主題考題能出現(xiàn)的最高難度,即指定為C級的主題可能出現(xiàn)“A”,“B”或“C”難度級別的題目,但指定為B級的主題不會出“C”級的題目。
Content Specification Outlines Certified Management Accountant(CMA)Examinations
注冊管理會計師(CMA)考試內容大綱
Part 1-Financial Planning,Performance,and Analytics
第一部分-財務規(guī)劃、績效與分析
A.External Financial Reporting Decisions(15%-Levels A,B,and C)
外部財務報告決策(15%-A、B和C級)
1.Financial statements
財務報表
a.Balance sheet
資產負債表
b.Income statement
利潤表
c.Statement of changes in equity
所有者權益變動表
d.Statement of cash flows
現(xiàn)金流量表
e.Consolidated statements
合并報表
f.Integrated reporting
綜合報告
2.Recognition,measurement,and valuation
確認,計量,和計價
a.Asset valuation
資產計價
b.Valuation of liabilities
負債計價
c.Equity transactions
權益性交易
d.Revenue recognition
收入確認
e.Income measurement
收益計量
f.Major differences between
U.S.GAAP and IFRS
美國公認會計原則與國際財務報告準則的主要差異
B.Planning,Budgeting and Forecasting(20%-Levels A,B,and C)
規(guī)劃、預算和預測(20%-A、B和C級)
1.Strategic Planning
戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃
a.Analysis of external and internal factors affecting strategy
分析影響戰(zhàn)略的內部和外部因素
b.Long-term mission and goals
長期使命與目標
c.Alignment of tactics with long-term strategic goals
根據(jù)長期戰(zhàn)略目標調整策略
d.Strategic planning models and analytical techniques
戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃模型與分析技術
e.Characteristics of successful strategic planning process
成功的戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃制定過程所具備的特性
2.Budgeting concepts
預算概念
a.Operations and performance goals
經營和業(yè)績目標
b.Characteristics of a successful budget process
成功的預算編制流程所具備的特性
c.Resource allocation
資源分配
d.Other budgeting concepts
其他預算概念
3.Forecasting techniques
預測技術
a.Regression analysis
回歸分析
b.Learning curve analysis
學習曲線分析
c.Expected value
預期值
4.Budgeting methodologies
預算方法
a.Annual business plans(master budgets)
年度企業(yè)計劃(總預算)
b.Project budgeting
項目預算
c.Activity-based budgeting
作業(yè)預算編制
d.Zero-based budgeting
零基預算法
e.Continuous(rolling)budgets
連續(xù)(滾動)預算
f.Flexible budgeting
彈性預算
5.Annual profit plan and supporting schedules
年度利潤計劃和附表
a.Operational budgets
營業(yè)預算
b.Financial budgets
財務預算
c.Capital budgets
資本預算
6.Top-level planning and analysis
頂層規(guī)劃與分析
a.Pro forma income
預計損益表
b.Financial statement projections
預計財務報表
c.Cash flow projections
預計現(xiàn)金流量
C.Performance Management(20%-Levels A,B,and C)
績效管理(20%-A、B和C級)
1.Cost and variance measures
成本與差異核算
a.Comparison of actual to planned results
實際結果與預期結果對比
b.Use of flexible budgets to analyze performance
使用彈性預算分析績效
c.Management by exception
例外管理
d.Use of standard cost systems
標準成本系統(tǒng)的使用
e.Analysis of variation from standard cost expe
ctations
對預期的標準成本的差異分析
2.Responsibility centers and reporting segments
責任中心和報告部門
a.Types of responsibility centers
責任中心的種類
b.Transfer pricing
轉移定價
c.Contribution margin
邊際貢獻
d.Reporting of organizational segments
組織各部門的報告書
3.Performance measures
績效考核
a.Product profitability analysis
產品獲利能力分析
b.Business unit profitability analysis
經營單位獲利能力分析
c.Customer profitability analysis
客戶獲利能力分析
d.Return on investment(ROI)
投資回報率
e.Residual income
剩余收益
f.Investment base issues
投資基準問題
g.Key performance indicators(KPIs)
關鍵績效指標
h.Balanced scorecard
平衡記分卡
D.Cost Management(15%-Levels A,B,and C)
成本管理(15%-A、B和C級)
1.Measurement concepts
計量概念
a.Types of cost and cost behavior
成本類型和成本習性
b.Actual and normal costs
實際成本和正常成本
c.Standard costs
標準成本
d.Absorption(full)costing
吸收(全部)成本法
e.Variable(direct)costing
變動(直接)成本法
f.Joint and by-product costing
聯(lián)產品和副產品成本法
2.Costing systems
成本計算系統(tǒng)
a.Job order costing
分批成本法
b.Activity-based costing
作業(yè)成本法
c.Life-cycle costing
生命周期成本法
d.Other costing systems
其他成本系統(tǒng)
3.Overhead costs
間接成本
a.Fixed and variable overhead expenses
固定和變動間接費用
b.Corporate vs.departmental overhead
公司和部門間接費用
c.Determination of allocation base
分攤基礎的確定
d.Allocation of service department costs
服務部門成本的分攤
4.Supply chain management
供應鏈管理
a.Lean resource management techniques
精益制造資源管理技術
b.Enterprise resource planning(ERP)
企業(yè)資源計劃
c.Capacity management and analysis
產能管理和分析
5.Business process improvement
業(yè)務流程改進
a.Value chain analysis
價值鏈分析
b.Value-added concepts
增值概念
c.Process analysis,redesign,and standardization
流程分析,再設計,和標準化
d.Continuous improvement concepts
持續(xù)改進概念
e.Benchmarking and best practice analysis
標桿分析和最佳實踐分析
g.Cost of quality analysis
質量成本分析
E.Internal Controls(15%-Levels A,B,and C)
內部控制(15%-A、B和C級)
1.Governance,risk,and compliance
管理,風險與法規(guī)遵守
a.Internal control structure and management philosophy
內部的控制結構和管理理念
b.Internal control policies for safeguarding and assurance
保護和保證的內部控制政策
c.Internal control risk
內部控制風險
d.Testing methods for internal controls
內部控制測試方法
e.Control deficiency remediation
控制缺陷補救
f.Corporate governance
公司治理
g.External audit requirements
外部審計規(guī)要
2.Systems controls and security measures
系統(tǒng)控制和安全措施
a.General accounting system controls
普通會計系統(tǒng)控制
b.Application and transaction controls
應用控制和交易控制
c.Technology controls
技術控制
d.Backup controls
安全備份管控
e.Business continuity planning
業(yè)務連續(xù)性計劃
F.Technology and Analytics(15%-Levels A,B,and C)
科技與分析(15%-A、B和C級)
1.Information systems
信息系統(tǒng)
a.Accounting information systems
會計信息系統(tǒng)
b.Enterprise resource planning systems
企業(yè)資源計劃系統(tǒng)
c.Enterprise performance management systems
企業(yè)績效管理系統(tǒng)
2.Data governance
數(shù)據(jù)管控
a.Data policies and procedures
數(shù)據(jù)政策和程序
b.Lifecycle of data
數(shù)據(jù)生命周期
c.Data management
數(shù)據(jù)管理
d.Controls against security breaches
控制安全漏洞
3.Technology-enabled finance transformation
技術支持的財務轉型
a.System development life cycle
系統(tǒng)開發(fā)生命周期
b.Process automation
工序自動化
c.Innovative applications
創(chuàng)新應用
4.Data analytics
數(shù)據(jù)分析
a.Business intelligence
商業(yè)智能
b.Data mining
數(shù)據(jù)挖掘
c.Types of data analytics
數(shù)據(jù)分析類型
d.Data visualization
數(shù)據(jù)可視化